How the refrigerator works

Content:

Refrigerator device based on compressor operation
The principle of operation of the unit
Compressor device in the refrigerator
Two-compartment refrigerators
Absorption refrigerator
Conclusion

To repair any household appliances, you need to know how it works, so as not to harm the device during its operation. In this article, we will talk about the principle of operation and device of the refrigerator, and describe its structural elements.

Refrigerator device based on compressor operation

refrigerator operation

In modern everyday life, mainly units operating with a compressor are operated, therefore we will consider this particular the principle of the refrigerator. They consist of the following elements:

compressor - this device, with the help of a piston, pumps refrigerant in the form of gas, it also creates different pressures in different areas;
evaporation chamber - this is a small container into which the "liquid" gas enters, and it absorbs the heat that came from the refrigerator chamber;
capacitor - in this chamber, the gaseous substance gives up its heat to the surrounding space;
thermostat - maintains the required temperature in the refrigerating chamber, which is set according to the selected mode;
refrigerants - it is a chemical mixture of various gases circulating through the refrigerator system with the help of a compressor, and in certain areas it gives or takes away heat. Freon is most often used in this system.

See also:

The principle of operation of the unit

how the refrigerator works

The most important thing to understand is how the refrigerator works, you need to understand the fact that this compressor-type apparatus "creates" the cold itself. It arises due to the process taking place inside the system of the unit - the refrigerant gives off its heat, which is subsequently released into the external environment. As mentioned above, the most common substance for this is "Freon", which is used in the circuits of these refrigerators.

So, the work of the refrigerator is arranged in cycles, which proceed as follows:

freon enters the evaporation chamber, and passing through it takes heat from the refrigerating chamber;
then the refrigerant goes to the compressor, which distills it into the condenser;
passing through the above system, consisting of spirals located in the walls of the refrigerator, freon goes through a cooling cycle and turns into a liquid-like element;
The cooled refrigerant enters the evaporator, and during the transition to a tube of a larger diameter, it turns into a gaseous mixture due to a decrease in pressure, after which it again takes heat from the refrigerating chamber.

This cycle will be repeated until the required temperature set by the system program is formed in the refrigerator. As soon as it falls below the programmed mark, the cycle will resume again.

Compressor device in the refrigerator

compressor operation

This is perhaps the most important part that circulates the refrigerant in the system. In modern refrigerators, inverter control of the device is used, thereby the creators have achieved an extension of the life of the "engine" of the unit.

For more efficient functionality, a start-up relay is used, which is aimed at protecting the compressor from overheating. It is responsible for the activating factor of the starting winding. Since the compressor has an asynchronous type of operation, inside it a metal part heats up as it works, when it reaches a certain temperature, the relay will turn off the system in order to prevent overheating.

Two-compartment refrigerators

two-compartment refrigerator

The only thing that can be noted is that each chamber has its own evaporating element, and these two compartments are completely isolated from each other. The very principle of operation of the two-chamber unit is that freon, before entering the refrigerator chamber, is first cooled by the evaporator in the freezer to a certain level, and only after cooling it enters the above compartment, where it takes heat, and everything happens according to the already described above the work cycle. As soon as the desired temperature is reached, the system stops the refrigerator compressor.

Today, in everyday life, two-chamber units are much more often used, in which one compressor is used for the entire system. However, there are also two-compressor units with each separate "engine" for the refrigerating and freezing chambers. This allows you to turn off a separate unnecessary compressor if necessary and stop the operation of one of the chambers without affecting the performance.

Absorption refrigerator

The principle of operation in these units is associated with the fact that they evaporate their working mixture. Ammonia is often used for this. The refrigerant is circulated by dissolving it in an aqueous medium. After that, this mixture of elements enters the system, and when it enters the so-called reflux condenser, it is divided into two initial components. When, after this reaction, ammonia is used, it enters the condenser, where it turns into a liquid, and the cycle repeats again.

However, these types of refrigerators are rarely used in everyday life, since ammonia itself is poisonous. They are used as an alternative replacement for compressor units if it is not possible to install them.

Conclusion

We told you about what the principle of operation and device of the refrigerator, what types they are, and how the work process proceeds. This article will be able to explain to you how your unit works and will help you understand the correct operation of the device.

See also: